Sinadarai
Kalkuleta na pH
pH daga yawan hydrogen ion, tare da pOH, yawan hydroxide, da kuma alamar acid-base don sakamakon.
Ƙara zuwa wurin aikiƘimomin shigarwa
Shigar da yawan sinadarin da ya wuce sifili, a cikin moles a kowace lita — 0.0001 yana nufin 10−4 mol/L. Ana sabunta sakamakon yayin da kake rubutu. Duk lissafin suna gudana a cikin gida a cikin burauzarka.
pH
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Ƙa’ida
pH = −log10[H⁺]. A 25 °C, pH + pOH = 14, da [H⁺] × [OH⁻] = 10−14, don haka pOH = 14 − pH da [OH⁻] = 10−14 ÷ [H⁺]. Ƙasa 7 yana da acidic, 7 yana da tsaka tsaki, sama 7 alkaline ne.
Misalin aiki
[H⁺] = 0.0001 mol/L = 10−4 mol/L: pH = −log10(10−4) = 4.00. pOH = 14 − 4.00 = 10.00, da kuma [OH⁻] = 10−14 ÷ 10−4 = 10−10 mol/L. Maganin yana da acidic - game da acidity na ruwan tumatir.
Amfani da iyakoki
Wannan samfurin yana amfani da yawan sinadarin hydrogen kyauta da aka shigar a cikin mol/L a matsayin kimanin aiki. Yana ɗaukar ruwan magani a 25 °C kuma yana amfani da pH + pOH ≈ 14. Sakamakon da ya dogara da maida hankali kimantawa ne ko da a cikin ruwan magani mai narkewa; ruwan magani mai ƙarfi na iya bambanta sosai. Ƙarfin acid ba iri ɗaya bane da yawan abu. Ba a ƙididdige rabuwar acid mai rauni ba. Wannan taimakon lissafi ne, ba jagorar sarrafa sinadarai ba.
FAQ
Me yasa sikelin logarithmic yake?
Saboda yawan abubuwan da ke cikinsa ya kai matsayi da yawa: acid na ciki a pH 2 yana da 10,000 sau hydrogen ions na pH 6, ba sau uku ba. Kowane matakin pH gaba ɗaya yana nufin sau goma canji.
Shin pH 7 koyaushe tsaka tsaki ne?
Sai a 25 °C. Ma'anar tsaka tsaki [H⁺] = [OH⁻], kuma wannan ma'aunin ma'auni yana motsawa tare da zafin jiki, don haka ruwa mai tsaka tsaki a 100 °C yana da pH 6.14.
Shin pH zai iya zama mara kyau ko sama da 14?
Ee, ga acid mai ƙarfi ko tushe mai ƙarfi - 10 mol/L acid mai ƙarfi yana da pH na −1. Matsakaicin 0–14 ƙa'ida ce ta babban yatsa don mafita mai narkewa, ba doka ba.
Menene bambanci tsakanin pH da pOH?
pH yana bayyana aikin ion hydrogen; pOH yana bayyana aikin ion hydroxide. Wannan samfurin da ya dogara da yawan haɗuwa yana kimanta jimlar su a matsayin 14 a 25 °C. Dangantakar tana canzawa tare da zafin jiki.
Me yasa pH dina da aka auna ya bambanta da wanda aka ƙididdige?
Mita tana auna aiki, ba yawan aiki ba; zafin jiki, daidaitawa, da gishirin da aka narkar duk karatun canjin aiki. Ga masu rauni acid, rashin cikakken rabuwa yawanci shine babban dalilin - yawan da kuka saka ba shine kyauta ba [H⁺].
Menene wurin da aka saba amfani da shi?
Ruwan tsarki pH 7, kofi game da 5, vinegar game da 2.4, maganin soda na yin burodi game da 8.3, bleach na gida game da 12.5.
Nassoshi na farko
Kayan aiki masu alaƙa
- Mai Canza Zafin Jiki — ma'aunin tsaka tsaki na pH ya dogara da zafin jiki
- Mai Canza Nau'in Tsawon — lita, millilita, da sauran na'urorin dakin gwaje-gwaje
- Mai Canza Girma — yawan maganin da ake amfani da shi don aikin narkewa
Sakamako kimantawa ne kawai kuma ba ya nufin shawarar ƙwararru.